Making Effective Decisions Examples, Scored
Making Effective Decisions is about using evidence to make or recommend a decision, weighing the options, risks and the people affected, and being able to explain your reasoning. Panels want to see the options you considered, the evidence you used and why you chose as you did.
Official definition: Use evidence and knowledge to support accurate, expert decisions and advice. Carefully consider alternative options, implications and risks of decisions.
What panels look for
- The evidence you gathered and how you checked it.
- At least two options, weighed against each other.
- Risks and the impact on different people, including equality considerations.
- A clear decision or recommendation, recorded and explained, and the outcome.
G7 example, likely score 4-5 out of 7
As a Grade 7 analytical lead in a housing directorate, I was asked to advise the Director within ten days on whether to extend an emergency accommodation scheme costing £18 million a year.
The evidence was mixed: councils reported the scheme prevented rough sleeping, but our data showed a third of places were used for longer than the intended 12 weeks. I commissioned my team to link scheme records with homelessness statistics so we could test the claimed impact rather than rely on anecdote. I set out three options: full extension, extension with a 12-week cap, and closure with transition funding. For each, I assessed costs, the risk of a rise in rough sleeping, legal duties under the Homelessness Reduction Act and the effect on disabled people, who were over-represented among long stays.
I tested the analysis with legal advisers and two councils, and I was open with the Director that the impact estimate had a wide margin of uncertainty. I recommended the capped extension, with a review point after six months.
The Director and minister accepted the recommendation. The cap reduced the annual cost by an estimated £4.2 million, and at the six-month review rough sleeping in scheme areas had not increased. The equality assessment I insisted on led to an exemption for disabled residents, which I believe was the right decision. I have since used the same option-appraisal structure for two further submissions.
- Commissions analysis to test claims rather than relying on anecdote.
- Three options appraised on cost, risk, legal duties and equality impact.
- Open about uncertainty with the Director: a Grade 7 descriptor.
- A measured outcome (£4.2 million saved, no rise in rough sleeping) and a reusable method.
EO example, likely score 4-5 out of 7
As an Executive Officer in a licensing team, I had to decide whether to approve an urgent licence renewal for a small care provider whose paperwork had arrived incomplete two days before their licence expired.
I checked our guidance, which allowed a short extension in exceptional cases. I looked at the provider's history and found they had renewed on time for the past five years with no compliance issues. I called them to find out what was missing and learned that their insurance certificate had been delayed by their broker.
I weighed the risk of approving without the certificate against the impact of the licence lapsing, which would have stopped care for twelve residents. I discussed the options with my line manager, recommended a 14-day extension on condition that the certificate was sent, and recorded my reasons on the case file.
My manager agreed. The provider sent the certificate within a week and the renewal was completed. The residents' care was not interrupted. I learned to check a customer's history early, as it helped me make a quicker and better-informed decision.
- Checks guidance and the provider's history, and weighs risk against impact.
- Recommends a proportionate option and records the reasons.
- A clear result; the scope fits EO.
HEO example, likely score 2-3 out of 7
In my HEO role in a procurement team, we had to decide which supplier to use for a new IT support contract worth around £300,000.
Three suppliers bid for the contract. We looked at all the bids carefully and compared them against the criteria in the tender. There was a lot of information to go through, and some of the bids were difficult to compare because they were set out in different ways. We had several meetings to discuss the options and to make sure that we were considering everything.
I was involved in scoring the bids, and I made sure I followed the procurement rules and kept records of our discussions. I also spoke to colleagues in the IT team to get their views on what they needed from the contract. There were some risks with the cheapest bid, so we discussed these as a team.
In the end we chose the supplier that offered the best overall value. The decision was approved by the senior team and the contract was awarded. I think this shows that I can make effective decisions based on evidence and consider different options carefully.
- "We" throughout: the candidate's part is only scoring and keeping records.
- The options and risks are mentioned but not weighed.
- The result is stated without saying what made it the best value.
These examples are written by us to illustrate the scoring. The scores are what our checker gives them (it tends to be a little strict), not a panel's. Use them to understand what earns points, not as text to adapt: panels look for your own experience.
Common mistakes
- "We decided" with no sign of your own reasoning.
- Only one option considered.
- A routine decision for the grade (for example, a G7 describing a single customer case).
Situations that often make good examples
- Recommending one of several options to a senior manager
- Deciding on a case where the guidance didn't quite fit
- Changing your advice when new evidence came in
- Weighing cost against the impact on a group of customers
Making Effective Decisions at each grade
What the published descriptors say. Panels read your example against the list for the grade you apply for; you don't need every point, but several, with depth.
Administrative Assistant (AA) and Administrative Officer (AO)
- use guidance, analyse relevant information and ask colleagues for input to support decision making
- identify and deal with any errors or gaps in information before making a decision
- consider the diverse needs of those affected by decisions and how it will impact them
- provide advice and feedback to support others in making accurate decisions
- ask others to clarify decisions when confused and query any issues that arise constructively
Executive Officer (EO)
- take responsibility for making effective and fair decisions, in a timely manner
- analyse and research further information to support decisions
- talk to relevant people to get advice and information when unsure how to proceed
- explain how decisions have been reached in a clear and concise way, both verbally and in writing
- demonstrate the consideration of all options, costs, risks and wider implications, including the diverse needs of end users and any accessibility requirements
Higher Executive Officer (HEO) and Senior Executive Officer (SEO)
- understand your own level of responsibility and empower others to make decisions where appropriate
- analyse and use a range of relevant, credible information from internal and external sources to support decisions
- invite challenge and where appropriate involve others in decision making
- display confidence when making difficult decisions, even if they prove to be unpopular
- consult with others to ensure the potential impacts on end users have been considered
- present strong recommendations in a timely manner outlining the consideration of other options, costs, benefits and risks
Grade 7 and Grade 6
- develop departmental or functional strategies and priorities while considering a wide range of political, national and international pressures
- manage and mitigate evaluated risks and options when making decisions
- demonstrate transparency around decisions and create a culture where others feel able to challenge decisions being made
- give unbiased evidence-led advice to Ministers and other senior officials based on extensive robust analysis
- when required, be able to make unpopular decisions and defend them at the highest level
- ensure early and continued engagement with the right stakeholders when making recommendations or decisions
- emphasise the importance of considering the different needs of end users
Descriptors from Success Profiles: Civil Service behaviours (GOV.UK). Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Their use here does not imply endorsement.